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virtual_service.proto

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CorsPolicy

Field Type Label Description
allowOrigin []string repeated The list of origins that are allowed to perform CORS requests. The content will be serialized into the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header. Wildcard * will allow all origins. $hide_from_docs
allowOrigins []istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch repeated String patterns that match allowed origins. An origin is allowed if any of the string matchers match. If a match is found, then the outgoing Access-Control-Allow-Origin would be set to the origin as provided by the client.
allowMethods []string repeated List of HTTP methods allowed to access the resource. The content will be serialized into the Access-Control-Allow-Methods header.
allowHeaders []string repeated List of HTTP headers that can be used when requesting the resource. Serialized to Access-Control-Allow-Headers header.
exposeHeaders []string repeated A list of HTTP headers that the browsers are allowed to access. Serialized into Access-Control-Expose-Headers header.
maxAge google.protobuf.Duration Specifies how long the results of a preflight request can be cached. Translates to the Access-Control-Max-Age header.
allowCredentials google.protobuf.BoolValue Indicates whether the caller is allowed to send the actual request (not the preflight) using credentials. Translates to Access-Control-Allow-Credentials header.

Delegate

Field Type Label Description
name string Name specifies the name of the delegate VirtualService.
namespace string Namespace specifies the namespace where the delegate VirtualService resides. By default, it is same to the root's.

Destination

Field Type Label Description
host string The name of a service from the service registry. Service names are looked up from the platform's service registry (e.g., Kubernetes services, Consul services, etc.) and from the hosts declared by ServiceEntry. Traffic forwarded to destinations that are not found in either of the two, will be dropped.
Note for Kubernetes users: When short names are used (e.g. “reviews” instead of “reviews.default.svc.cluster.local”), Istio will interpret the short name based on the namespace of the rule, not the service. A rule in the “default” namespace containing a host “reviews will be interpreted as “reviews.default.svc.cluster.local”, irrespective of the actual namespace associated with the reviews service. To avoid potential misconfiguration, it is recommended to always use fully qualified domain names over short names.
subset string The name of a subset within the service. Applicable only to services within the mesh. The subset must be defined in a corresponding DestinationRule.
port istio.networking.v1alpha3.PortSelector Specifies the port on the host that is being addressed. If a service exposes only a single port it is not required to explicitly select the port.

HTTPFaultInjection

Field Type Label Description
delay istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPFaultInjection.Delay Delay requests before forwarding, emulating various failures such as network issues, overloaded upstream service, etc.
abort istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPFaultInjection.Abort Abort Http request attempts and return error codes back to downstream service, giving the impression that the upstream service is faulty.

HTTPFaultInjection.Abort

Field Type Label Description
httpStatus int32 HTTP status code to use to abort the Http request.
grpcStatus string $hide_from_docs
http2Error string $hide_from_docs
percentage istio.networking.v1alpha3.Percent Percentage of requests to be aborted with the error code provided.

HTTPFaultInjection.Delay

Field Type Label Description
percent int32 Percentage of requests on which the delay will be injected (0-100). Use of integer percent value is deprecated. Use the double percentage field instead.
fixedDelay google.protobuf.Duration Add a fixed delay before forwarding the request. Format: 1h/1m/1s/1ms. MUST be >=1ms.
exponentialDelay google.protobuf.Duration $hide_from_docs
percentage istio.networking.v1alpha3.Percent Percentage of requests on which the delay will be injected.

HTTPMatchRequest

Field Type Label Description
name string The name assigned to a match. The match's name will be concatenated with the parent route's name and will be logged in the access logs for requests matching this route.
uri istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch URI to match values are case-sensitive and formatted as follows:
- exact: "value" for exact string match
- prefix: "value" for prefix-based match
- regex: "value" for ECMAscript style regex-based match
Note: Case-insensitive matching could be enabled via the ignore_uri_case flag.
scheme istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch URI Scheme values are case-sensitive and formatted as follows:
- exact: "value" for exact string match
- prefix: "value" for prefix-based match
- regex: "value" for ECMAscript style regex-based match
method istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch HTTP Method values are case-sensitive and formatted as follows:
- exact: "value" for exact string match
- prefix: "value" for prefix-based match
- regex: "value" for ECMAscript style regex-based match
authority istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch HTTP Authority values are case-sensitive and formatted as follows:
- exact: "value" for exact string match
- prefix: "value" for prefix-based match
- regex: "value" for ECMAscript style regex-based match
headers []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPMatchRequest.HeadersEntry repeated The header keys must be lowercase and use hyphen as the separator, e.g. x-request-id.
Header values are case-sensitive and formatted as follows:
- exact: "value" for exact string match
- prefix: "value" for prefix-based match
- regex: "value" for ECMAscript style regex-based match
If the value is empty and only the name of header is specfied, presence of the header is checked. Note: The keys uri, scheme, method, and authority will be ignored.
port uint32 Specifies the ports on the host that is being addressed. Many services only expose a single port or label ports with the protocols they support, in these cases it is not required to explicitly select the port.
sourceLabels []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPMatchRequest.SourceLabelsEntry repeated One or more labels that constrain the applicability of a rule to workloads with the given labels. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it must include the reserved gateway mesh for this field to be applicable.
gateways []string repeated Names of gateways where the rule should be applied. Gateway names in the top-level gateways field of the VirtualService (if any) are overridden. The gateway match is independent of sourceLabels.
queryParams []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPMatchRequest.QueryParamsEntry repeated Query parameters for matching.
Ex:
- For a query parameter like “?key=true”, the map key would be “key” and the string match could be defined as exact: "true".
- For a query parameter like “?key”, the map key would be “key” and the string match could be defined as exact: "".
- For a query parameter like “?key=123”, the map key would be “key” and the string match could be defined as regex: "\d+$". Note that this configuration will only match values like “123” but not “a123” or “123a”.
Note: prefix matching is currently not supported.
ignoreUriCase bool Flag to specify whether the URI matching should be case-insensitive.
Note: The case will be ignored only in the case of exact and prefix URI matches.
withoutHeaders []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPMatchRequest.WithoutHeadersEntry repeated withoutHeader has the same syntax with the header, but has opposite meaning. If a header is matched with a matching rule among withoutHeader, the traffic becomes not matched one.
sourceNamespace string Source namespace constraining the applicability of a rule to workloads in that namespace. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it must include the reserved gateway mesh for this field to be applicable.

HTTPMatchRequest.HeadersEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch

HTTPMatchRequest.QueryParamsEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch

HTTPMatchRequest.SourceLabelsEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value string

HTTPMatchRequest.WithoutHeadersEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value istio.networking.v1alpha3.StringMatch

HTTPRedirect

Field Type Label Description
uri string On a redirect, overwrite the Path portion of the URL with this value. Note that the entire path will be replaced, irrespective of the request URI being matched as an exact path or prefix.
authority string On a redirect, overwrite the Authority/Host portion of the URL with this value.
redirectCode uint32 On a redirect, Specifies the HTTP status code to use in the redirect response. The default response code is MOVED_PERMANENTLY (301).

HTTPRetry

Field Type Label Description
attempts int32 Number of retries to be allowed for a given request. The interval between retries will be determined automatically (25ms+). When request timeout of the HTTP route or per_try_timeout is configured, the actual number of retries attempted also depends on the specified request timeout and per_try_timeout values.
perTryTimeout google.protobuf.Duration Timeout per attempt for a given request, including the initial call and any retries. Format: 1h/1m/1s/1ms. MUST BE >=1ms. Default is same value as request timeout of the HTTP route, which means no timeout.
retryOn string Specifies the conditions under which retry takes place. One or more policies can be specified using a ‘,’ delimited list. See the retry policies and gRPC retry policies for more details.
retryRemoteLocalities google.protobuf.BoolValue Flag to specify whether the retries should retry to other localities. See the retry plugin configuration for more details.

HTTPRewrite

Field Type Label Description
uri string rewrite the path (or the prefix) portion of the URI with this value. If the original URI was matched based on prefix, the value provided in this field will replace the corresponding matched prefix.
authority string rewrite the Authority/Host header with this value.

HTTPRoute

Field Type Label Description
name string The name assigned to the route for debugging purposes. The route's name will be concatenated with the match's name and will be logged in the access logs for requests matching this route/match.
match []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPMatchRequest repeated Match conditions to be satisfied for the rule to be activated. All conditions inside a single match block have AND semantics, while the list of match blocks have OR semantics. The rule is matched if any one of the match blocks succeed.
route []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPRouteDestination repeated A HTTP rule can either redirect or forward (default) traffic. The forwarding target can be one of several versions of a service (see glossary in beginning of document). Weights associated with the service version determine the proportion of traffic it receives.
redirect istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPRedirect A HTTP rule can either redirect or forward (default) traffic. If traffic passthrough option is specified in the rule, route/redirect will be ignored. The redirect primitive can be used to send a HTTP 301 redirect to a different URI or Authority.
delegate istio.networking.v1alpha3.Delegate Delegate is used to specify the particular VirtualService which can be used to define delegate HTTPRoute.
It can be set only when Route and Redirect are empty, and the route rules of the delegate VirtualService will be merged with that in the current one.
NOTE:
1. Only one level delegation is supported. 2. The delegate's HTTPMatchRequest must be a strict subset of the root's, otherwise there is a conflict and the HTTPRoute will not take effect.
rewrite istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPRewrite Rewrite HTTP URIs and Authority headers. Rewrite cannot be used with Redirect primitive. Rewrite will be performed before forwarding.
timeout google.protobuf.Duration Timeout for HTTP requests, default is disabled.
retries istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPRetry Retry policy for HTTP requests.
fault istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPFaultInjection Fault injection policy to apply on HTTP traffic at the client side. Note that timeouts or retries will not be enabled when faults are enabled on the client side.
mirror istio.networking.v1alpha3.Destination Mirror HTTP traffic to a another destination in addition to forwarding the requests to the intended destination. Mirrored traffic is on a best effort basis where the sidecar/gateway will not wait for the mirrored cluster to respond before returning the response from the original destination. Statistics will be generated for the mirrored destination.
mirrorPercent google.protobuf.UInt32Value Percentage of the traffic to be mirrored by the mirror field. Use of integer mirror_percent value is deprecated. Use the double mirror_percentage field instead
mirrorPercentage istio.networking.v1alpha3.Percent Percentage of the traffic to be mirrored by the mirror field. If this field is absent, all the traffic (100%) will be mirrored. Max value is 100.
corsPolicy istio.networking.v1alpha3.CorsPolicy Cross-Origin Resource Sharing policy (CORS). Refer to CORS for further details about cross origin resource sharing.
headers istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers Header manipulation rules

HTTPRouteDestination

Field Type Label Description
destination istio.networking.v1alpha3.Destination Destination uniquely identifies the instances of a service to which the request/connection should be forwarded to.
weight int32 The proportion of traffic to be forwarded to the service version. (0-100). Sum of weights across destinations SHOULD BE == 100. If there is only one destination in a rule, the weight value is assumed to be 100.
headers istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers Header manipulation rules

Headers

Field Type Label Description
request istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers.HeaderOperations Header manipulation rules to apply before forwarding a request to the destination service
response istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers.HeaderOperations Header manipulation rules to apply before returning a response to the caller

Headers.HeaderOperations

Field Type Label Description
set []istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers.HeaderOperations.SetEntry repeated Overwrite the headers specified by key with the given values
add []istio.networking.v1alpha3.Headers.HeaderOperations.AddEntry repeated Append the given values to the headers specified by keys (will create a comma-separated list of values)
remove []string repeated Remove a the specified headers

Headers.HeaderOperations.AddEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value string

Headers.HeaderOperations.SetEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value string

L4MatchAttributes

Field Type Label Description
destinationSubnets []string repeated IPv4 or IPv6 ip addresses of destination with optional subnet. E.g., a.b.c.d/xx form or just a.b.c.d.
port uint32 Specifies the port on the host that is being addressed. Many services only expose a single port or label ports with the protocols they support, in these cases it is not required to explicitly select the port.
sourceSubnet string IPv4 or IPv6 ip address of source with optional subnet. E.g., a.b.c.d/xx form or just a.b.c.d $hide_from_docs
sourceLabels []istio.networking.v1alpha3.L4MatchAttributes.SourceLabelsEntry repeated One or more labels that constrain the applicability of a rule to workloads with the given labels. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it should include the reserved gateway mesh in order for this field to be applicable.
gateways []string repeated Names of gateways where the rule should be applied. Gateway names in the top-level gateways field of the VirtualService (if any) are overridden. The gateway match is independent of sourceLabels.
sourceNamespace string Source namespace constraining the applicability of a rule to workloads in that namespace. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it must include the reserved gateway mesh for this field to be applicable.

L4MatchAttributes.SourceLabelsEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value string

Percent

Field Type Label Description
value double

PortSelector

Field Type Label Description
number uint32 Valid port number

RouteDestination

Field Type Label Description
destination istio.networking.v1alpha3.Destination Destination uniquely identifies the instances of a service to which the request/connection should be forwarded to.
weight int32 The proportion of traffic to be forwarded to the service version. If there is only one destination in a rule, all traffic will be routed to it irrespective of the weight.

StringMatch

Field Type Label Description
exact string exact string match
prefix string prefix-based match
regex string RE2 style regex-based match (https://github.com/google/re2/wiki/Syntax).

TCPRoute

Field Type Label Description
match []istio.networking.v1alpha3.L4MatchAttributes repeated Match conditions to be satisfied for the rule to be activated. All conditions inside a single match block have AND semantics, while the list of match blocks have OR semantics. The rule is matched if any one of the match blocks succeed.
route []istio.networking.v1alpha3.RouteDestination repeated The destination to which the connection should be forwarded to.

TLSMatchAttributes

Field Type Label Description
sniHosts []string repeated SNI (server name indicator) to match on. Wildcard prefixes can be used in the SNI value, e.g., *.com will match foo.example.com as well as example.com. An SNI value must be a subset (i.e., fall within the domain) of the corresponding virtual serivce's hosts.
destinationSubnets []string repeated IPv4 or IPv6 ip addresses of destination with optional subnet. E.g., a.b.c.d/xx form or just a.b.c.d.
port uint32 Specifies the port on the host that is being addressed. Many services only expose a single port or label ports with the protocols they support, in these cases it is not required to explicitly select the port.
sourceLabels []istio.networking.v1alpha3.TLSMatchAttributes.SourceLabelsEntry repeated One or more labels that constrain the applicability of a rule to workloads with the given labels. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it should include the reserved gateway mesh in order for this field to be applicable.
gateways []string repeated Names of gateways where the rule should be applied. Gateway names in the top-level gateways field of the VirtualService (if any) are overridden. The gateway match is independent of sourceLabels.
sourceNamespace string Source namespace constraining the applicability of a rule to workloads in that namespace. If the VirtualService has a list of gateways specified in the top-level gateways field, it must include the reserved gateway mesh for this field to be applicable.

TLSMatchAttributes.SourceLabelsEntry

Field Type Label Description
key string
value string

TLSRoute

Field Type Label Description
match []istio.networking.v1alpha3.TLSMatchAttributes repeated Match conditions to be satisfied for the rule to be activated. All conditions inside a single match block have AND semantics, while the list of match blocks have OR semantics. The rule is matched if any one of the match blocks succeed.
route []istio.networking.v1alpha3.RouteDestination repeated The destination to which the connection should be forwarded to.

VirtualService

Field Type Label Description
hosts []string repeated The destination hosts to which traffic is being sent. Could be a DNS name with wildcard prefix or an IP address. Depending on the platform, short-names can also be used instead of a FQDN (i.e. has no dots in the name). In such a scenario, the FQDN of the host would be derived based on the underlying platform.
A single VirtualService can be used to describe all the traffic properties of the corresponding hosts, including those for multiple HTTP and TCP ports. Alternatively, the traffic properties of a host can be defined using more than one VirtualService, with certain caveats. Refer to the Operations Guide for details.
Note for Kubernetes users: When short names are used (e.g. “reviews” instead of “reviews.default.svc.cluster.local”), Istio will interpret the short name based on the namespace of the rule, not the service. A rule in the “default” namespace containing a host “reviews” will be interpreted as “reviews.default.svc.cluster.local”, irrespective of the actual namespace associated with the reviews service. _To avoid potential misconfigurations, it is recommended to always use fully qualified domain names over short names._
The hosts field applies to both HTTP and TCP services. Service inside the mesh, i.e., those found in the service registry, must always be referred to using their alphanumeric names. IP addresses are allowed only for services defined via the Gateway.
Note: It must be empty for a delegate VirtualService.
gateways []string repeated The names of gateways and sidecars that should apply these routes. Gateways in other namespaces may be referred to by <gateway namespace>/<gateway name>; specifying a gateway with no namespace qualifier is the same as specifying the VirtualService's namespace. A single VirtualService is used for sidecars inside the mesh as well as for one or more gateways. The selection condition imposed by this field can be overridden using the source field in the match conditions of protocol-specific routes. The reserved word mesh is used to imply all the sidecars in the mesh. When this field is omitted, the default gateway (mesh) will be used, which would apply the rule to all sidecars in the mesh. If a list of gateway names is provided, the rules will apply only to the gateways. To apply the rules to both gateways and sidecars, specify mesh as one of the gateway names.
http []istio.networking.v1alpha3.HTTPRoute repeated An ordered list of route rules for HTTP traffic. HTTP routes will be applied to platform service ports named ‘http-'/‘http2-'/‘grpc-*', gateway ports with protocol HTTP/HTTP2/GRPC/ TLS-terminated-HTTPS and service entry ports using HTTP/HTTP2/GRPC protocols. The first rule matching an incoming request is used.
tls []istio.networking.v1alpha3.TLSRoute repeated An ordered list of route rule for non-terminated TLS & HTTPS traffic. Routing is typically performed using the SNI value presented by the ClientHello message. TLS routes will be applied to platform service ports named ‘https-', ‘tls-', unterminated gateway ports using HTTPS/TLS protocols (i.e. with “passthrough” TLS mode) and service entry ports using HTTPS/TLS protocols. The first rule matching an incoming request is used. NOTE: Traffic ‘https-’ or ‘tls-’ ports without associated virtual service will be treated as opaque TCP traffic.
tcp []istio.networking.v1alpha3.TCPRoute repeated An ordered list of route rules for opaque TCP traffic. TCP routes will be applied to any port that is not a HTTP or TLS port. The first rule matching an incoming request is used.
exportTo []string repeated A list of namespaces to which this virtual service is exported. Exporting a virtual service allows it to be used by sidecars and gateways defined in other namespaces. This feature provides a mechanism for service owners and mesh administrators to control the visibility of virtual services across namespace boundaries.
If no namespaces are specified then the virtual service is exported to all namespaces by default.
The value “.” is reserved and defines an export to the same namespace that the virtual service is declared in. Similarly the value “” is reserved and defines an export to all namespaces.
NOTE: in the current release, the exportTo value is restricted to “.” or “” (i.e., the current namespace or all namespaces).