Decode base64 headers

In the following example, you combine multiple Inja functions to accomplish the following tasks:

• Extract a base64-encoded value from a specific request header.
• Decode the base64-encoded value.
• Trim the decoded value and only capture everything starting from the 11th character.
• Add the captured string as response header.

Before you begin link

1. Follow the Get started guide to install Gloo Gateway, set up a gateway resource, and deploy the httpbin sample app.

2. Get the external address of the gateway and save it in an environment variable.

     export INGRESS_GW_ADDRESS=$(kubectl get svc -n gloo-system gloo-proxy-http -o jsonpath="{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0]['hostname','ip']}")
   echo $INGRESS_GW_ADDRESS  
     

     kubectl port-forward deployment/gloo-proxy-http -n gloo-system 8080:8080
     

Decode base64 headers link

1. Encode a string to base64.

     echo -n "transformation test" | base64
     

   Example output:

     dHJhbnNmb3JtYXRpb24gdGVzdA==
     

2. Create a RouteOption or VirtualHostOption resource with your transformation rules. In the following example, you decode the base64-encoded value from the x-base64-encoded request header and populate the decoded value into an x-base64-decoded header starting from the 11th character.

     kubectl apply -f- <<EOF
   apiVersion: gateway.solo.io/v1
   kind: RouteOption
   metadata:
     name: transformation
     namespace: httpbin
   spec:
     targetRefs:
     - group: gateway.networking.k8s.io
       kind: HTTPRoute
       name: httpbin
     options:
       transformations:
         responseTransformation:
           transformationTemplate:
             headers:
               x-base64-decoded:
                 text: '{{substring(base64_decode(request_header("x-base64-encoded")), 11)}}'
   EOF
     

     kubectl apply -n gloo-system -f- <<EOF
   apiVersion: gateway.solo.io/v1
   kind: VirtualHostOption
   metadata:
     name: transformation
     namespace: gloo-system
   spec:
     options:
       transformations:
         responseTransformation:
           transformationTemplate:
             headers:
               x-base64-decoded:
                 text: '{{substring(base64_decode(request_header("x-base64-encoded")), 11)}}'
     targetRefs:
     - group: gateway.networking.k8s.io
       kind: Gateway
       name: http
       namespace: gloo-system
   EOF
     

3. Send a request to the httpbin app and include your base64-encoded string in the x-base64-encoded request header. Verify that you get back a 200 HTTP response code and that you see the trimmed decoded value of your base64-encoded string in the x-base64-decoded response header.

     curl -vik http://$INGRESS_GW_ADDRESS:8080/response-headers \
    -H "host: www.example.com:8080" \
    -H "x-base64-encoded: dHJhbnNmb3JtYXRpb24gdGVzdA==" 
     

     curl -vik localhost:8080/response-headers \
   -H "host: www.example.com" \
   -H "x-base64-encoded: dHJhbnNmb3JtYXRpb24gdGVzdA==" 
     

   Example output:

      * Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
      < HTTP/1.1 200 OK
      HTTP/1.1 200 OK
      < access-control-allow-credentials: true
      access-control-allow-credentials: true
      < access-control-allow-origin: *
      access-control-allow-origin: *
      < content-type: application/json; encoding=utf-8
      content-type: application/json; encoding=utf-8
      < date: Wed, 26 Jun 2024 02:54:48 GMT
      date: Wed, 26 Jun 2024 02:54:48 GMT
      < content-length: 3
      content-length: 3
      < x-envoy-upstream-service-time: 2
      x-envoy-upstream-service-time: 2
      < server: envoy
      server: envoy
      < x-envoy-decorator-operation: httpbin.httpbin.svc.cluster.local:8000/*
      x-envoy-decorator-operation: httpbin.httpbin.svc.cluster.local:8000/*
      < x-base64-decoded: ion test
      x-base64-decoded: ion test
      

Cleanup link

You can remove the resources that you created in this guide.

  kubectl delete virtualhostoption transformation -n gloo-system
kubectl delete routeoption transformation -n httpbin